What function do firewalls serve in a computer network?

• A. They speed up Internet connections
• B. They protect against unauthorized access
• C. They optimize data storage
• D. They install software updates automatically

Answer: (B)

Firewalls play a critical role in safeguarding computer networks by providing a barrier between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. Their primary function is to protect against unauthorized access to or from a private network. This is accomplished by monitoring and controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

By filtering packets of data and allowing only authorized traffic to pass through while blocking potential threats, firewalls help prevent various types of cyber attacks, including hacking attempts and malware infections. Additionally, they can provide logging and reporting features that help network administrators track and respond to threats effectively.

In contrast, the other functions described do not align with what firewalls are designed to do. For example, firewalls do not enhance Internet speeds, optimize data storage, or manage software updates, as these tasks fall outside their intended purpose. Their primary focus remains on ensuring that a network is safe from unauthorized intrusion.